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 Printable Version for your convenience!
Title - Simple Machines - fixed and moveable pulley
By - Bobbi Jo Clugh
Primary Subject - Science
Secondary Subjects -
Grade Level - 4-6
During Instruction- PULLEYS
Introduction:
-show short video clip*** (if available) as in introduction to pulleys
Sequence of Learning Activities:
- Students will discuss what was seen on the video clip.
- Students listen and take notes on their chart as the teacher gives a short lecture, lecture will include definitions, how a pulley helps us, and examples of pulleys.
- Students will then get into groups for activities.
- Students will be shown, in the first activity, an example of a fixed pulley. For this activity, students will be given instructions on how to complete their pulley step-by-step, one pulley per group. The pulleys will then be tried to see how they work. Teacher will be walking around to observe and help if necessary. Short discussion on demonstration including how a fixed pulley works.
- Students will then be shown, in the second activity, an example of a moveable pulley. In this example, students will first discuss what a moveable pulley is and how it works, from notes taken earlier in the class. Then each group will be given their materials and students will work with materials until a moveable pulley is constructed. Teacher will aid if necessary.
Closure:
- Teacher will once again review the vocabulary and how each pulley works. Any questions students have will be answered.
Assignment:
- NONE
Note: This lesson will take approximately one 90-minute class period to complete.
***video used is: Schelessinger Science Library, Physical Science for Children: All About Simple Machines***
VOCABULARY:
Pulley - a grooved wheel with a rope or cable around it.
Fixed pulley - a pulley that stays in place and turns as the cord moves over it.
Moveable pulley - a pulley that is able to move with the load being raised.
How a Pulley Helps Us:
Moves things up down or across, raises objects.
Examples:
Cranes, flag, sail on boat, curtain rod, mini-blinds.
Demonstration #1 - Fixed Pulley
Flag Raiser
MATERIALS:
Small straw
Large thread spool
Scissors
Ruler
String
Sheets of typing paper
Masking tape
PROCEDURE:
1. Place straw through the hole in the thread spool. The spool must turn easily on the straw.
2. Collect a piece of string and tie the ends together.
3. Color the sheet of typing paper to appear like an American flag.
4. Tape the flag to the string.
5. Place the loop of the string over the spool, with the flag hanging at the bottom of the loop.
6. Ask a person in the group to hold the ends of the straw, one in each hand at arm's length over his or her head.
7. Pull down on the string opposite the flag.
8. Observe the distance the string is pulled down and the distance and direction the flag moves.
Demonstration #2 - Moveable Pulley
String/Clip
Materials:
Paper clip
String (two pieces)
Weight
Procedure:
1. Tie one end of one string to the paper clip and the other end to the weight.
2. Tape one end of the other string to the edge of the table.
3. Run the second string through the end of the paper clip.
4. Raise the spoon by lifting up on the free end of the string.
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